Question

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
At the centre of the discussion on poverty is usually the concept of the "poverty line". A common method used to measure poverty is based on income or consumption levels. A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given "minimum level" necessary
to fulfill the basic needs. What is necessary to satisfy the basic needs is different at different times and in different countries. Therefore, the poverty line may vary with time and place. Each country uses an imaginary line that is considered appropriate for its existing level of development and its accepted minimum social norms. For example, a person not having a car in the United States may be considered poor. In India, owning a car is still considered a luxury. While determining the poverty line in India, a minimum level of food requirement, clothing, footwear, fuel and light, educational and medical requirement, etc., are determined for subsistence. These physical quantities are multiplied by their prices in rupees. The present formula for food requirement while estimating the poverty line is based on the desired calorie requirement. Food items, such as cereals, pulses, vegetables, milk, oil, sugar, etc.,
together provide these needed calories. The accepted average calorie requirement in India is 2400 calories per person per day in rural areas and 2100 calories per person per day in urban areas. For the year 2011- 12, the poverty line for a person was fixed at Rs 816 per month for rural areas and Rs 1000 for urban areas. In the year 2011-12, a family of five members living in rural areas and earning less than about Rs 4,080 per month will be below the poverty line. A similar family in the urban areas would need a minimum of Rs 5,000 per month to meet their basic requirements. The poverty line is estimated periodically by conducting sample surveys. These surveys are carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:
i. How is poverty line estimated periodically?
a. Normally every five years by conducting sample surveys. b. Normally every two years by conducting sample surveys. c. Normally every one years by conducting sample surveys. d. Normally every three years by conducting sample surveys.
ii. The measurement of the Poverty line is based on which factor? a. Levels of income
b. Consumption by people
c. Education.
d. Both Levels of income and Consumption by people
iii.There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct option:
Assertion (A): Calorie requirement in urban areas is higher than in rural areas.
Reason (R): People living in urban areas engage themselves in more
physical work
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. c. A is correct but R is wrong.
d. Both A and R are wrong.
iv. Complete the sentence: Different countries use different poverty lines because
a. The calorie which is required for different people is different based on their physical condition.
b. The per capita income in different countries is different.
c. The cost of essential items used in calculating the poverty line is more
1
in the developed countries. d. All of these

Answer 1

Answer:

দ্বীপমানে পানীৰ মাজত থকা স্থলভাগ, মাজুলী। দীপমানে চাকি,প্রদীপবাবন্তি। এনে ধৰণৰ একেই উচ্চাৰণৰঅথচ বেলেগ বানানৰ অৰ্থৰে সৈতে পাঁচোটা উদাহৰণড়দিয়া ?

Answer 2

Answer:

i. How is poverty line estimated periodically?

Ans- a. Normally every five years by conducting sample surveys.

ii. The measurement of the Poverty line is based on which factor?

Ans- d. Both Levels of income and Consumption by people.

iii.There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct option:

Assertion (A): Calorie requirement in urban areas is higher than in rural areas.

Reason (R): People living in urban areas engage themselves in more

physical work

Ans-d. Both A and R are wrong.

iv. Complete the sentence: Different countries use different poverty lines because

Ans-d. All of these