Question

Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows : After spending hours in long queues at the bakery, crowds of angry women stormed into the shops. At the same time, the king ordered troops to move into Paris. On 14 July, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille. France Abolishes Monarchy and becomes a Republic . Rulers of other neighbouring countries too were worried by the developments in France and made plans to send troops to put down the events that had been taking place there since the summer of 1789. Before this could happen, the National Assembly voted in April 1792 to declare war against Prussia and Austria. Thousands of volunteers thronged from the provinces to join the army. They saw this as a war of the people against kings and aristocracies all over Europe. What is liberty ? Two conflicting views ‘To establish and consolidate democracy, to achieve the peaceful rule of constitutional laws, we must first finish the war of liberty against tyranny .... We must annihilate the enemies of the republic at home and abroad, or else we shall perish. In time of Revolution a democratic government may rely on terror. Terror is nothing but justice, swift, severe and inflexible; ... and is used to meet the most urgent needs of the fatherland. To curb the enemies of Liberty through terror is the right of the founder of the Republic 23 (1) Why was there anger among the people ? 23 (2) What do you think the reason behind the worries of the rulers of the neighbouring countries? 23 (3) What is liberty? 23(4) Do you think Robespierre was really leading the war against the enemies of the republic?.

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ANSWER

On the afternoon of 14 July 1789, the agitated crowd stormed the Bastille fort and destroyed it because it was seen by the revolutionaries as a symbol of the monarchy. And the revolutionist wanted the ammunition for the revolution which was kept in the fort. Its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution. In France 14th July is a public holiday usually called the Bastille day.

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