Question

Reasons for change in terminal voltage of alternator.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Variations in terminal voltage in Alternators on load condition are due to the following three causes: Voltage variation due to the resistance of the winding, R. Voltage variation due to the leakage reactance of the winding, Xt. Voltage variation due to the armature reaction effect, Xa.

Answer 2

Reasons for change in terminal voltage of alternator are:

• The resistance of the winding causes voltage variations. 
• The leaking reactance of the coil causes voltage variations. 
• The armature reaction effect causes voltage variations.

• The resistance of the winding causes voltage variations. 

The armature winding resistance per phase will result in a phase-by-phase IR voltage drop. The armature current I is in phase with the voltage drop owing to armature resistance. In practice, this voltage drop is insignificant.

• The leaking reactance of the coil causes voltage variations. 

The flux will begin to flow through the armature core when current passes through the armature conductors. Leakage flux is defined as flow that takes different pathways and does not bridge the air gap.

The current flowing through the conductor and its phase interaction with the terminal voltage determine the leakage flux in this case. Because of self-inductance, this leaky flux will create an emf. This emf is known as reactance emf, and it is 900 times more than the armature current I.

• The armature reaction effect causes voltage variations.

Armature reaction is the effect of armature flux on the main field flux. The effect of Armature reaction can be seen in the DC generator as well.

But compared to the DC generator, the power factor of the load in an alternator has a considerable effect on armature reaction.

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