Question

Recognize the following as having ionic or covalent bonds.
NH3, CH4, MgCl2, Na2O, SO2
justify your answer
pls give a clear and simple answer
I Need it fast

Answer 1

Answer:

1.NH3-covalent bond.

7N=1s^2,2s^2,2p^3

The above is the electronic configuration of nitrogen which clearly indicates that Nitrogen has 5 electrons in the outermost orbit.

1H=1s^1

The above is the electronic configuration of hydrogen which clearly indicates that hydrogen has only 1 electron in the outermost orbit.

Since,nitrogen has 3 more electrons in excess hence it shares 3 of its electron to hydrogen and thus forming the compound NH3 which is an covalent bond.

2.CH4(Methane)-covalent bond.

6C=1s^2,2s^2,2p^2

The above is the electronic configuration of carbon which clearly indicates that carbon has 4 electrons in the outermost orbit.

1H=1s^1

The above is the electronic configuration of hydrogen which clearly indicates that hydrogen has only 1 electron in the outermost orbit.

Since,carbon has 4 electrons in excess it shares the electrons with hydrogen and thus forming CH4 which is an covalent bond.

3.MgCl2(Magnesium chloride)-Ionic bond.

For bond refer the above photo attached.

In the formation of magnesium chloride,Magnesium has two electrons in excess and chlorine is need of one electron to attain its nearest Noble gas configuration and magnesium should lose two electrons to attain its Noble gas configuration.

Therefore,Magnesium donates its 2 electron to chlorine.

since,two electrons have been donated it Cl^2-

That is ,

Mg^+ ----------- Cl^2-

MgCl2

and thus results in the formation of magnesium chloride which is an ionic bond.

4.Na2O(Sodium oxide)- Ionic bond.This is similar to the formation of magnesium chloride.

For bond refer the above photo attached.

In the formation of sodium oxide,sodium has 1 electron in excess.since two sodium are involving 2 electrons are in excess and hence the two electrons are donated to oxgen since oxygen is in need of two more electrons to complete its octate or the nearest Noble gas configuration

Similarly the two sodium should lose each electron to attain Noble gas configuration and hence it is donated to oxygen and thus forms an ionic bond sodium oxide.

Note:There is no element NaO because sometimes students may make mistakes in this area.

5.SO2(sulphur di oxide)- covalent bond