Refer to the course books, material at your home or conduct your own research to list any three natural resources Pakistan has in abundance. Write a paragraph each on how those resources are used to produce items for everyday use.
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Answer:
Mining is an important industry in Pakistan. Pakistan has deposits of several minerals including coal, copper, gold, chromite, mineral salt, bauxite and several other minerals. There are also a variety of precious and semi-precious minerals that are also mined. These include peridot, aquamarine, topaz, ruby, emerald, rare-earth minerals bastnaesite and xenotime, sphene, tourmaline, and many varieties and types of quartz .[1]
The Pakistan Mineral Development Corporation is the responsible authority for the support and development of the mining industry. The Gemstones Corporation of Pakistan looks after the interests of stake holders in gemstone mining and polishing as an official entity. Baluchistan has the most mineral deposits among the provinces of Pakistan, with Sindh rich in coal deposit and Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa rich in gems. Oil, gas and minerals used in nuclear energy purposes are mined by the federal government. The mining of other minerals is a provincial concern. Currently around 52 minerals are mined and processed in Pakistan.[2]
The economy of Pakistan is the 23rd largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 42nd largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product. Pakistan has a population of over 220 million [37] (the world's 5th-largest), giving it a nominal GDP per capita of $1,357 in 2019,[38] which ranks 154th in the world and giving it a PPP GDP per capita of 5,839 in 2019, which ranks 132nd in the world for 2019. However, Pakistan's undocumented economy is estimated to be 36% of its overall economy, which is not taken into consideration when calculating per capita income.[39] Pakistan is a developing country[40][41][42] and is one of the Next Eleven countries identified by Jim O'Neill in a research paper as having a high potential of becoming, along with the BRICS countries, among the world's largest economies in the 21st century.[43] The economy is semi-industrialized, with centres of growth along the Indus River.
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Pakistan is one of the richest nations across the globe having a large amount of natural resources available including gas, coal, gemstones, copper, minerals & gold reserves, oil, iron, titanium and aluminium and so on.
Explanation:
- Coal is one of the world's top fossil fuels for electricity generation & energy demand. Coal-fired plants use various types of machinery that converts combustion-produced heat energy into mechanical energy. Coal is the main source of energy. It provides around 30 per cent of the world 's primary energy needs, generating 40 per cent electricity. Coal has been widely used in electricity production where better technology is utilised to make sure there is a balance between environment and economy in sustainable and affordable energy production.
- Iron ore is amongst the top 5 minerals which is found in Pakistan. The principal application of iron ore (98 per cent) is steel. The rest is used for a number of other applications, including: powder iron for steel types, automotive components, magnets ,& catalysts. Radioactive iron used as a tracer in metallurgical & biochemical research,and tracer iron as an element for medicine.
- A vast number of precious stones are mined & polished for local & export purposes. The center point of this operation is Khyber-Pakhtoonkhwa & Gilgit-Baltistan. These comprise actinolite, hessonite, agate, rodingite, rutile, idocrase, jadeite, aquamarine, ruby, amazonite, emerald, topaz, moonstone, pargasite, epidote,tourmaline, garnet, turquoise, quartz, among others. The export revenues earned from these gems is more than US $ 200 Million dollars.
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