Question

reforms of Napoleon code​

Answer 1

Napoleon set about introducing many of the reforms that he hadalready introduced in France. Through a return to monarchy Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but inthe administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principlesin order to make the whole system more rational and efficient. TheCivil Code of 1804 – usually known as the Napoleonic Code –did away with all privileges based on birth, established equalitybefore the law and secured the right to property. This Code wasexported to the regions under French control. In the Dutch Republic,in Switzerland, in Italy and Germany, Napoleon simplified  administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freedpeasants from serfdom and manorial dues. In the towns too, guildrestrictions were removed.

Answer 2

In 1804, Napoleon took on the legal system of France. The system of laws was in a state of chaos. Laws were not codified and were based on Roman law, ancient custom or monarchial paternalism. During  the revolution, many laws were changed. It was difficult to determine what law applied in any given situation, and laws were not equally applied to everyone.

The mishmash of laws were codified and written clearly so that the people could determine what law applied. It incorporated much of the Roman law. For the first time in history, the law was based on reason and founded on the notion  that all men were equal before the law. It guaranteed individual rights (except for women and blacks) and the security of property. In short it codified many of the ideals of the revolution. The Napoleonic Code became profoundly influential to other European countries in the 19th century.

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