Question

refraction through concave spherical surface

Answer 1

A refracting surface, which forms a part of a sphere of transparent refracting material, is called spherical refracting surface. The two types are convex spherical refracting surfaces and concave spherical refracting surface.

 

Convex Spherical Refracting Surface



Concave Spherical Refracting Surface



XY is the refracting surface.

P is the pole of spherical refracting surface. C is centre of curvature of spherical refracting surface.

m1, m2 are the absolute refractive indices of the two media.

Assumption: In dealing with refraction at spherical refracting surface, we assume.

The object to be a point lying on the principal axis of the spherical refracting surface.The aperture of the spherical refracting surface is small.The incident and refracted rays make small angles with the principal axis of the surface so that sini » i and sinr » i

The sign convention used in mirror is applicable for spherical refracting surfaces.

Refraction from Rarer to Denser Medium at a Convex Spherical Refracting Surface

Real Image



Consider a spherical surface XY convex to the incident ray OA. The point O is a point object and I is the image of the point object where the refracted rays actually meet.