Relationship between relief and climate in wildlife conservation in india
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Relief and climatic factors are responsible for a variety of vegetation in India in the following ways:
1. Relief:
i. Height - There are natural vegetation changes with the increasing height. E.g; Tropical deciduous forests are found in the foothills of the Himalayas. But as we go higher up to a height of 1000 – 2000 m we find evergreen broad leave trees and even higher up (above 3600 m), Alpine grasslands and a few shrubs can be seen.
ii. Land - Land affects the natural vegetation directly and indirectly. The fertile land makes good arable lands while in undulating and rough terrains grassland and woodlands develop.
iii. Soil - Different types of soils provide different varieties of vegetation. The sandy soils provide cactus and thorny bushes while wet soils support mangrove vegetation. Soils in the hill slopes produce conical trees.
Climatic factors:
Temperature – Moderate temperatures provide maximum variety of plants while extreme temperatures provide low variety of plants. E’g; on the slopes of the Himalayas and the hills of the Peninsula, vegetation changes from tropical to subtropical temperate and alpine vegetation.
Sunlight - The sunlight received at different places due to differences in latitude, altitude, season and duration of the day, causes diversity in vegetation. Areas where duration of sunlight is longer, trees grow faster.
Rainfall: Areas of heavy rainfall have dense vegetation as compared to areas of less rainfall. E.g; slopes of Western Ghats are covered with thick forests due to heavy rainfall during Advancing Monsoons whereas Eastern Ghats have lower vegetation due to lesser rainfalls because of Retreating Monsoons.
1. Relief:
i. Height - There are natural vegetation changes with the increasing height. E.g; Tropical deciduous forests are found in the foothills of the Himalayas. But as we go higher up to a height of 1000 – 2000 m we find evergreen broad leave trees and even higher up (above 3600 m), Alpine grasslands and a few shrubs can be seen.
ii. Land - Land affects the natural vegetation directly and indirectly. The fertile land makes good arable lands while in undulating and rough terrains grassland and woodlands develop.
iii. Soil - Different types of soils provide different varieties of vegetation. The sandy soils provide cactus and thorny bushes while wet soils support mangrove vegetation. Soils in the hill slopes produce conical trees.
Climatic factors:
Temperature – Moderate temperatures provide maximum variety of plants while extreme temperatures provide low variety of plants. E’g; on the slopes of the Himalayas and the hills of the Peninsula, vegetation changes from tropical to subtropical temperate and alpine vegetation.
Sunlight - The sunlight received at different places due to differences in latitude, altitude, season and duration of the day, causes diversity in vegetation. Areas where duration of sunlight is longer, trees grow faster.
Rainfall: Areas of heavy rainfall have dense vegetation as compared to areas of less rainfall. E.g; slopes of Western Ghats are covered with thick forests due to heavy rainfall during Advancing Monsoons whereas Eastern Ghats have lower vegetation due to lesser rainfalls because of Retreating Monsoons.
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As we are becoming more modern and industrial day by day we are constantly harming and polluting our mother nature.
This pollution is the major reason reason of wildlife extinction in our country.
Government has already made many Natural Parks and national parks for proper wildlife conservation in our country.
Relief and climate is one of the most important artificial and natural agents which affects the wildlife conservation in our country.
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