reproduction note for exam
Answers
Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life; each individual organism exists as the result of reproduction. There are two forms of reproduction: asexual and sexual. In asexual reproduction, an organism can reproduce without the involvement of another organism.
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Sexual reproduction is the fusion or fertilisation of the two male and female gametes to produce a fertilised egg or zygote
Sperm are highly specialised cells that contain that carry the genetic material of the male. A sperm cell has three main parts: the head, the body and the tail. In the head of the sperm is the nucleus which contains chromosomes ie the genetic information from the father. The tail of the sperm plays an important role as it beats and helps drive the sperm forward and swim towards the egg.
An egg cell is the female sex cell. In term of size it is much bigger than the sperm. It also has a nucleus which contains the female genetic information. A key difference from the sperm cell is that the egg has its’ own food store in the form of yolk contained in the cytoplasm.
Fertilisation occurs when the nucleus of the sperm joins with the nucleus of the egg.