Researchers have found that mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells have their own DNA. This DNA is different from the DNA in a eukaryotic cell's nucleus. Chloroplasts and mitochondria use their own DNA and ribosomes to make some organelle-specific proteins.
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Mitochondria has its own DNA because they are the evolved remnants of primitive bacteria which were engulfed by the eukaryotic cells.
In their new role as cell organelles, they retained their DNA for protein synthesis machinery and transferred the rest to the eukaryotic nucleus.
Chloroplast is another semi-autonomous cell organelle which is beleieved to have evolved from a cynobacterium called Prochloron.
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