Question

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Example 23: 10.0 g of sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 90 g of
water (1 g of water is approximately 1 cm). Calculate the weight percent
of sodium hydroxide in the solution.

Answer 1

Explanation:

A complete description of a solution states what the solute is and how much solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution. The quantitative relationship between solute and solvent is the concentration of the solution. This concentration may be expressed using several different methods, as discussed next.

A. Concentration by Mass

The concentration of a solution may be given as the mass of solute in a given amount of solution, as in the following statements: The northern part of the Pacific Ocean contains 35.9 g salt in each 1000 g seawater. The North Atlantic Ocean has a higher salt concentration, 37.9 g salt/1000 g seawater.

B. Concentration by Percent

The concentration of a solution is often expressed as percent concentration by mass or percent by volume of solute in solution. Percent by mass is calculated from the mass of solute in a given mass of solution. A 5%-by-mass aqueous solution of sodium chloride contains 5 g sodium chloride and 95 g water in each 100 g solution.

Percent by mass = mass of solute

mass of solution X 100%

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