reversible and irreversible process
Answers
Explanation:
In thermodynamics a reversible process is a process whose direction can be returned to its position by inducing infinitesimal changes.
And in one it can't return is called irreversible process.
Answer:
Reversible process: A process carried out in such manner that at every stage, the driving torce isnonly infinitesimally greater than the opposing forcenand it can be reversed by an infinitesimal increase innforce and the system exists in equilhbrium with itsnSurroundings throughout, is called a reversible proEsS
Features:
(a) This is a hypothetical process.
(b) Driving force is infinitesimally greater than the opposing force throughout the change.
C)The process can be reversed at any point by making infntesimal changes in the conditions.
(d) The process takes place infinitesimally slowly involving infinite number of steps.
(e) At the end of every step of the process, the system attains mechanical equilibium, hence, throughout the process, the system exists in temperature-pressure cquilibrium with its Surroundings.
(f) In this process, maximum work is obtained.
(g) Temperature remains constant throughout the isothermal reversible process.
Irreversible process : - It is defined as the unidirectional process which proceeds in a definite direction and cannot be reversed at any stage and in which driving force and opposing force differ in a large magnitude. It is also called a spontaneous process.
Features
(a) It takes place without the aid of external agency.
(b) All ireversible processes are spontaneous.
(c) All natural processes are irreversible processes.
(d) Equilibrium is attained at the end of process.
(e)They are real processes and are not hypothetical.
Examples:
G) Flow of heat from a matter at higher temperature to a matter at lower temperature.
(i) Flow of a gas from higher to lower pressure.
ii) Flow of water from higher level to lower level.
iv) Flow of a solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane due to osmosis.
(v) Flow of electricity from higher potential terminal to lower potential terminal.