Question

rise of kingdoms and republics introduction​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Rise of the Kingdoms and Republics. During the later Vedic Period, pastoral Aryan tribes began to settle down and cultivate land with the use of iron tools.

Answer 2

Answer:

Rise of the Kingdoms and Republics

During the later Vedic Period, pastoral Aryan tribes began to settle down and cultivate land with the use of iron tools.

The use of iron tools enhanced cultivation.

This desire to expand led to the emergence of large states called ‘Janapadas’. The more powerful Janapadas were called Mahajanapadas.

There were sixteen Mahajanapadas out of which Magadha was the most powerful kingdom followed by Vatsa, Avanti and Kosala.

The political history of Magadha is a story of conflict and continuous struggle for supremacy.

The first noteworthy king of Magadha was Bimbisara (558-491BCE). Bimbi...

Bimbisara was succeeded by his son, Ajatashatru who ruled Magadha for 32 years.

Ajatashatru built a fort in the village of Pataligram or Pataliputra.

Mahapadma Nanda captured the throne of Pataliputra.

Dhana Nanda was overthrown by Chandragupta Maurya.

Vajji was a gana-sangha. Kutagarasala Vihara is a prominent monastery.

Vajji was one of the world’s first democracies.

Alexander, the King of Macedonia, invaded India in 326 BCE.

Ambhi, the ruler of Taxila submitted without a fight. Alexander met with a firm resistance from Porus, the ruler of area lying between Jhelum and Chenab.

Ambhi offered to help Alexander as Porus was his enemy. Alexander died in Babylon at the age of 33.

Cultural contact with the Greeks led to the growth of the Gandhara School of Art.

Alexander’s campaign made it easier for Chandragupta Maurya to expand his kingdom in north-western India.

Alexander’s invasion established a direct link between India and Europe.

Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the first empire of India.

Explanation:

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