Question

Role of acetyl coa carboxylase enzyme in fatty acid synthesis

Answer 1

Hi mate.

Thanks for asking this question.

Here is your answer,

Acetyl co-A is a biotin dependent enzyme which catalyzes irreversiblecarboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA through its two catalytic activities, biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT). 

Acetyl co-A carboxylase is most abundant enzyme in prokaryotic organisms and it is also found in the chloroplast of green plants and some of the algae.

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(1) The acetyl-CoA provides the substrate i.e malonyl-CoA which is used in biosynthesis of fatty acids.

(2) The acetyl-CoA can regulates the metabolism of the fatty acids.

(3) It plays important role, When the enzyme is active, the product, malonyl-CoA, is produced which is a building block for new fatty acids and can inhibit the transfer of the fatty acyl group from acyl CoA to carnitinewith carnitine acyltransferase, which inhibits the beta-oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria.

(4) In the mammalian cell, the acetyl-CoA enzyme has two main isoforms namely acetyl-CoA 1 and acetyl-CoA 2.

The enzyme acetyl-CoA 1 is found in the cytoplasm of all cells but is enriched in lipogenic tissue, such as adiposetissue and lactating mammary glands, where fatty acid synthesis is important.

Acetyl co-A 2 enzyme can maintain or regulates the oxidation of fatty acids.

Thank you.


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