Role of citrate synthase in psthogenesis of a disease
Answers
the regulatory role of citrate in the metabolism. Citrate is synthesized inside the mitochondria by citrate synthase from acetyl-CoA and OAA. It is exported outside the mitochondria by CIC. Citrate inhibits PFK1, PK, PDH, and SDH. Citrate inhibits also PFK2, which produces F2,6P, an allosteric activator of PFK1 in cancer cells. Activation effect is exerted on lipid biosynthesis through ACC, which produces malonyl-CoA, the first product of lipid biosynthesis, which, in turn, inhibits the CPT-1, the first enzyme of β -oxidation process. Through F1,6BPase, citrate stimulates gluconeogenesis. ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; CS, citrate synthase; F1,6BPase, fruc- tose 1,6 bisphosphatase; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; F6P, fructose- 6-phosphate; HK, hexokinase; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate. Symbols + and – indicate stimulation and inhibition, respectively.