Role of nod gene in biological nitrogen fixation
Answers
Answer:
Nod factors (nodulation factors or NF), are signaling molecules produced by soil bacteria known as rhizobia during the initiation of nodules on the root of legumes. A symbiosis is formed when legumes take up the bacteria. The rhizobia produce nitrogen for the plant, and the legumes produce leghemoglobin to carry away any oxygen that would inhibit nitrogenase activity.[citation needed]
Nod factors structurally are lipochitooligosaccharides (LCOs) that consist of an acylated chitin oligomeric backbone with various functional group substitutions at the terminal or non-terminal residues. The number of N-acetylglucosamine molecules vary among Nod factors; however, generally the length of a chitin backbone is from 3 to 5. The exact chemical structure of the Nod factor that is recognised by the plant varies between bacterial species and is the basis for host–symbiont specificity. Nod factors are recognized by a specific class of receptor kinases that have so-called LysM domains in their extracellular domains.
Explanation:
Answer:
Nod gene expression is induced by the presence of certain flavonoids in the soil, which are secreted by the plant to attract the bacteria. These chemicals induce the formation of NodD, which in turn activates other genes involved in the expression of nod factors and their secretion into the soil.
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