Question

Roughly 900 documents, including texts from the Hebrew Bible. were discovered between 1947 and 1956 in eleven caves inand around the Wadi Qumran (near the ruins of the ancientsettlement of Khirbet Qumran) in the West Bank. The texts areof great religious and historical significance, as they includepractically the only known surviving copies of Biblical documents made before 100 CE. What are they called?​

Answer 1

The Dead Sea Scrolls

Explanation:

• The scrolls are historically referred to as the Ancient Jewish community of Essenes, but several modern studies have disputed the affiliation and claim the monks, Zadokites or other unknown Jewish communities have written the scrolls.
• The texts are very significant, both culturally and historically as the ancient versions of biblical, extra-biblical and preserve proofs of diversity in Judaism of Late Second Temple. They are written primarily in Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek, but some written on papyrus. Generally, these manuscripts range from 150 BCE to 70 CE.
• The Dead Sea Scrolls are traditionally segregated into 3 groups: Biblical manuscripts (texts copies from the Hebrew Bible), which consists of approximately 40 per cent of the identified scrolls; Pseudepigraphical or Apocryphal manuscripts (known documents from the 2nd Temple Period such as non-canonical psalms, Jubilees, Enoch, Sirach, Tobit, and so on, which were not eventually canonised in the Hebrew Bible), which consists of approximately 30 per cent of the identified scrolls; and the Sectarian manuscripts (earlier unknown documents which speak of the beliefs/rules  of a specific group/groups in greater Judaism) such as the Community Rule, Pesher, War Scroll.