Question

Rutherford carried out experiments in which a beam of alpha particles was directed at a thin piece of metal
foil. From these experiments he concluded that:
(a) electrons are massive particles.
(b) the positively charged parts of atoms are moving about with a velocity approaching the speed of light.
(c) the positively charged parts of atoms are extremely small and extremely heavy particles.
(d) the diameter of an electron is approximately equal to that of the nucleus.
(e) electrons travel in circular orbits around the nucleus.

Answer 1

Answer:

c as most of the Alpha particles passed through the foil undeflected

Answer 2

Rutherford concluded from his gold-foil experiment that the positively charged parts of atoms are extremely small and extremely heavy particles.

• In Rutherford's experiment, he bombarded a beam of alpha-particle rays at a thin gold foil and observed the following:

1. Most alpha particles passed right through the gold foil, undeflected. From this he concluded that most of the area in an atom is unoccupied and is empty.
2. Few Alpha particles were deflected by small angles, indicating that positively charged particles were small.
3. Very few alpha particles (~ $\frac{1}{12000}$) completely rebounded. This indicated that at the centre of the atom is a very small and compact positively charged structure (the nucleus).

Hence, by the aforementioned conclusions, the correct option is (c) The positively charged parts of atom are extremely small and extremely heavy particles.