Question

Rutherford experiment for discovery of nucleus

Answer 1

1. All most all mass nd entire positive charged of an atom is concentrated into its central called nucleus. All proton nd neutron are present in nucleus.

2. The size of nucleus is externally small as compared to size of atom.

3. There is an empty space around the nucleus is called extra nucleus space.

4. Atom is electrically neutral so that the no of protons is equal to no of electron.

5. Electron move very high speed around the nucleus the centrifugal force acting on revolving electron os being centre balance.

Answer 2

$\color{blue}\huge\bold\star\underline\mathcal{Rutherfords\:experiment}\star$

»Rutherford bombarded a thin gold foil with high speed alpha particles which are obtained from radioactive material

»Alpha rays are made to travel in straight lines by passing them through Lead sheets having holes at their centres .zinc sulphide screen was placed behind the gold foil to know the position of the alpha rays .

Rutherford observed that :

most of the Alpha particles passed without any deflection

some of them were deflected away from their path

only a few were returned back to their original direction of propagation

Rutherfords atomic model:

the main features of this model are

atom is Spherical and hollow

the total mass and total positive charge is concentrated in a small region at the centre part of the atom which is called in nucleus

this model is called solar Model or planetary model

electrons and nucleus are held Together by electrostatic force of attraction

Drawbacks:

As per electromagnetic theory the revolving electron should lose energy continuously and travel in a spiral path and finally should fall into the nucleus so atom should collapse but atoms are stable