Question

Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment gave evidence that an atom is mostly empty space.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Yes, Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment gave evidence that an atom is mostly empty space. Since the majority of the alpha particles travelled through the gold foil directly, the atom must primarily consist of empty space.

Explanation :

Rutherford's Experiment :

• Rutherford used a very tiny beam of alpha particles to strike a very thin sheet of pure gold in his famous gold foil experiment.
• Helium nuclei emit alpha particles via various radioactive decay processes. In this instance, Rutherford put a sample of radioactive metal radium inside a box made of lead with a tiny pinhole in it.
• The lead absorbed the majority of the radiation, but a narrow beam of alpha-alpha particles managed to escape through the pinhole and travel in the direction of the gold foil.
• A detector screen that would flash when struck by an alpha particle encircled the gold foil.

Observations :

• A small percentage of alpha particles (approximately 1 in 20,000) were diverted by 90 degrees from their intended course while the majority of alpha particles passed through the gold foil directly.

Results :

• The majority of the atom's mass must be contained into a very small volume of the atom, where the positive charge must be focused.
• This clarified why a tiny percentage of the alpha alpha particles were severely deflected, most likely as a result of the unusual collision with a gold nucleus.
• Since the majority of the alpha particles travelled through the gold foil directly, the atom must primarily consist of empty space.

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