Question

Rutherford's observation would have been different if he used a thick
iron foil instead of a thin gold foil. Which of the following could be
the reason for that?
(A) Atoms of iron and gold have very different atomic structure
(B) Protons in an iron atom have different charge than that of gold
(C) Thick iron foil has multiple layers of atoms unlike thin gold foil
(D) None of the above​

Answer 1

Answer:

(C) Thick iron foil has multiple layers of atoms unlike thin gold foil.

Explanation:

See, Rutherford concluded his experimental results because he used a "thin", very thin, gold foil containing very less layers of atoms. Since, gold is the most malleable metal, it was possible to obtain this small thickness whereas if he have had used an iron foil, due to its low malleability it would be difficult to obtain such small thickness and hence altering his observation

Answer 2

Answer

(C) Thick iron foil has multiple layers of atoms unlike thin gold foil

because

In 1911, Rutherford performed alpha rays scattering experiment to demonstrate the structure of atom. Heavy atoms have a heavy nucleus carrying a large amount of positive charge.Hence,some alpha particles are easily deflected back on hitting the nucleus.Also a number of alpha particles are deflected through small angles because of large positive charge on the nucleus.If light atoms are use,their nuclei will be light & moreover,they will have small positive charge on the nucleus.Hence, the number of particles deflected back & those deflecte through some angle will be negligible