S.
Write the answers of the following questions in 120 words.
(How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What
problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a
rise in the production capacity?
(11) How do industries pollute the environment?
(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation
by industry?
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
7
Answers
Answer:
Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use steel scrap and sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. ... An integrated steel plant is large, handles everything in one complex – from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and shaping.
Integrated steel plants generally refer to plants that convert ore to iron, then to steel, and further on to other semi-finished or finished products.
Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces and use steel scrap as well as sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce Carbon steel and alloy Steel of certain specifications. There are around 650 mini steel plants in India.
Answer:
(a):Integrated steel plants are large plants which handle everything from putting together of raw material to steel making.
Mini steel plants are small industries which are involved in making mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
Problems faced by iron and steel industry:
High cost of investment
Limited availability of coking coal that is used in smelting of iron
Low productivity of labor
Poor infrastructure
Irregular power supply.
(b):Industries are responsible for four types of pollution – air, water, land, and noise pollution. Following are the various reasons: ... → Dumping of wastes especially, glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packaging, salts and other garbage render the soil useless.
(c):minimising the use of water by process of recycling. 2- Harvesting of rainwater so that water requirements are met. 3-Industries are given certain area which they can't expand. 4- Industrial wastes are not to be allowed to be disposed into water bodies.