salicylic acid is stronger acid than p-hydroxy benzoic acid why
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4-Hydroxybenzoic acid - Wikipedia has a pKa of 4.54. The hydroxyl group, whether ortho or para, is resonance electron-donating.
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Explanation:
The hydroxyl group, whether ortho or para, is resonance electron-donating. This reduces the acidity of the carboxyl hydrogen.
In salicylic acid, the major effect is hydrogen bonding by the phenolic OH group to the carboxyl group. This removes electron density from the carboxylic acid, making its hydrogen more acidic. In the structures below, the hydrogen bond in salicylic acid is shown by a dotted line.
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