Question

salient features of molecular orbital theory

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

When atoms combines to form molecules, their individual atomic orbitals lose their identity and forms new orbitals called molecular orbitals.

The shapes of molecular orbitals depend upon the shapes of combining atomic orbitals.

Answer 2

★ Molecular orbital theory:-

→ The salient features of molecular orbital theory (MOT):-

→ When two atomic orbitals having nearly same energy and proper suymmetry are approaching each other, molecular orbitals are formed by the linear combinatioin of atomic orbitals (LCAO).

→ The electrons in a molecule are present in the various molecular orbitals as the electrons of atoms are present in the various atomic orbitals.

→ The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of atomic orbitals undergoing combination.

→ During LCAO, two types of molecular orbitals are formed. They are:-

★ Bonding molecular orbitals (BMO).

★ Anti-bonding molecular orbitals (ABMO).

→ Bonding molecular orbitals have less energy, more stable and favour bond formation, whereas antibonding molecular orbitals have more energy, less stable and do not favour bond formation.

→ Molecular orbitals are polycentric, i.e., molecular orbitals do not associate with a particular atom belong to the nuclei of all the atoms constituting the molecule.

→ The shapes of molecular orbitals depend upon the shapes of combining atomic orbitals.