Sanskrit texts prescribing social rules and codes of behaviors composed from 500 BCE onwords:_
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Dharmashastra
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Dharmashastras is a Sanskrit text prescribing social rules and codes of behaviors composed from 500 BCE onwards.
Explanation:
- A new judicial system was developed starting in 1772.
- The criminal court (Faujdari Adalat) and the civil court (Diwani Adalat) were to be established in each district.
- For European district collectors who presided over civil courts, Maulvis and Hindu pandits provided interpretation of Indian law.
- The collectors were supervisors of the criminal courts, which were nevertheless controlled by a qazi and a mufti.
- A key issue was that the Brahman pandits interpreted local rules differently depending on different schools of dharmashastra
- Dharmashastras is a Sanskrit literature that dates around 500 BCE and prescribes social standards and behavioral codes.
- In order to provide consistency, eleven pandits were tasked with creating a compilation of Hindu law in 1775. This digest was translated into English by N.B. Halhed.
- A system of Muslim laws was also created in 1778 for the use of European judges.
- The Regulating Act of 1773 established the Sadar Nizamat Adalat, a court of appeal, as well as a new Supreme Court.
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