Question

Saurabh and Sandeep were discussing the difference between $NF_{3}$ and $NH_{3}$ and both got confused.Saurabh and Sandeep asked their subject teacher, why $NF_{3}$ and $NH_{3}$ have different dipole moment while both are having same hybridization states and same number of lone pair of electrons.
(i) Draw the structure of $NF_{3}$ and $NH_{3}$.
(ii) Why $NF_{3}$ and $NH_{3}$ have different dipole moment?
(iii) What values are displayed by Saurabh and Sandeep?

Answer 1

"(i) The structure of $NF_{ 3 }\quad and\quad NH_{ 3 }$ is as follows.

(ii) A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of two electric charges that are opposite. Moments of dipole are a "vector quantity". The magnitude corresponds to the charge multiplied by the distance between the chare and the direction from negative to positive charge.

$In NF_{ 3 }\quad and\quad NH_{ 3 }$ , the electronegativity is different is in between N -H and N-F. Therefore, these two molecules have different dipole moments.

(iii) The displaced values are 0.2D in and 1.5D in respectively $NF_{ 3 }\quad and\quad NH_{ 3 }$"