Question

Saurus of Indian constitution

Answer 1

The sources of various features in Indian Constitution are as follows:

Contents

Government of India Act 1935
British Constitution
United States Constitution
Irish Constitution
Australian Constitution
French Constitution
Canadian Constitution
Constitution of the Soviet Union
Other Constitutions
Government of India Act 1935
Federal Scheme (also from constitution of Canada)
Office of Governor
Judiciary
Public Service Commission
Emergency Provisions
Administrative Details
British Constitution
Parliamentary form of government
The idea of single citizenship
The idea of the Rule of law
Institution of Speaker and his role
Lawmaking procedure
Procedure established by Law
United States Constitution
Preamble
Fundamental Rights
Federal structure of government
Electoral College
Independence of the judiciary and separation of powers among the three branches of the government
Judicial review
President as supreme commander of armed forces
Equal Protection under law
Irish Constitution
Directive principles of state policy {Ireland itself borrowed it from Spain}
Australian Constitution
Freedom of trade and commerce within the country and between the states
Power of the national legislature to make laws for implementing treaties, even on matters outside normal Federal jurisdiction
Concurrent List
French Constitution
Ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity
Canadian Constitution
A quasi-federal form of government — a federal system with a strong central government
Distribution of powers between the central government and state governments
Residual powers retained by the central government
Constitution of the Soviet Union
Fundamental Duties
Other Constitutions
Emergency Provision Under article 356 Weimar Constitution(Germany)
Amendment of Constitution, South Africa
Due Procedure of Law, Japan
Many of the features can be said to have sourced / influenced / borrowed from multiple sources. For example, India has a federal scheme with strong centre. This feature was in GOI Act 1935 and also in Constitution of Canada. Similarly, Fundamental rights were not only influenced from US constitution but also the Universal declaration of Human rights. Further, the Constitution Declares the Indian State to be sovereign, democratic, republic and from 1977 secular and socialist. Each of these concepts is intertwined with the social and political history of civilization, battle of ideas and system of Governance. The American Revolution, The French Revolution, The Russian Revolution and India’s own freedom struggle contributed to these concepts. The ideal of Republic cannot be said to be borrowed from any one constitution.

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