Say the Oxidation State of Lanthanum, Gadolinium and Lutetium
The +3 oxidation state of lanthanum (Z = 57), gadolinium (Z = 64), and lutetium (Z = 71) is especially stable, why?
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They are relatively stable than +2 and +4 state as they are formed due to the loss of three electrons that develop complete, half filled or empty 4f sub shells
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Explanation:
The electronic configuration of Lanthanum(57) 5d16s2 4f0 Lutetium (71)4f14 5d1 6s2and Godolinium(64) 4f7 5d1 6s2 . Hence they have empty, completely and half filled filled 4f subshell thus there +3 oxidation state is stable.
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