Schematically represent the inheritance of two genes in pea plants with
reference to seed colour and shape.
Answers
Answer:
Gregor Johann Mendel was the first to discover the basic principles of genetics in the mid-19th century. Therefore, he is known as the “Father of Modern Genetics”. He did research in his garden on peas and noticed their legacy from one generation to the next.
Mendel laid the foundation for the genetic field and eventually proposed inheritance laws. The Divorce Act, the Independent Diversity Act and the Governance Act are three property laws proposed by Gregor Mendel. These laws came into existence from his study of pea plants with various characteristics.
Mendel first studied the genetic heritage of a plant through the use of a monohybrid cross. He looked at only one character (plant height) in pears of pea plants with one distinct trait. Later, he studied the genetics of two genes in a plant using a dihybrid cross.
Mendel read the following seven letters with different characteristics:
Trunk height: Tall / short
Seed shape: Round / shriveled
Seed color: Yellow / green
Pod color: Green / yellow
Pod shape: Full of air / compressed
Flower color: Violet / white
Historical location: Axial / terminal
The cross-sectional dihybrid test is a breeding test between two organisms that are a common mixture of two traits. In other words, a dihybrid cross is a cross between two living organisms, both of which have become heterozygous of two distinct markers. People in this type of trait are homozygous in some aspect. These traits are determined by the components of DNA called genes.
At the dihybrid cross, parents carry different allele pairs on each element. One parent holds the homozygous control allele, while the other holds the homozygous recessive allele. The offspring produced after crosses in the F1 generation are all heterozygous in some respects.
Mendel took the opposing elements together to cross, for example the color and shape of the seeds over time. He picked up the green and the round seed and mixed it. You only got a round-yellow seed in F1 generation. This showed that the round shape and yellow color of the seeds are the most prominent in nature.
Meanwhile, the wrinkled state of the green color of the seeds is a recurring feature. Then, the F1 breed became pollinated by itself. This resulted in four different seed compounds in the F2 generation. They were wrinkled seeds — yellow, yellow, round, green and round — in a phenotypic ratio of 9: 3: 3: 1.
During the monohybrid cross of these elements, he saw the same pattern of domination and inheritance. A 3: 1 phenotypic ratio of yellow and green color and the shape of a round and shriveled seed during a monohybrid cross is also maintained in a dihybrid cross.
Consider “Y” for yellow seed and “y” for green seed, “R” for round seeds and “r” for wrinkled seeds. Thus, the parent genotype will be "YYRR" (yellow round seeds) and "yyrr" (green-wrinkled seeds).
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