Question

science 2 short note on ATP :energy currency​

Answer 1

Answer:

Adenosine triphosphate, also known as ATP, is a molecule that carries energy within cells. It is the main energy currency of the cell, and it is an end product of the processes of photophosphorylation (adding a phosphate group to a molecule using energy from light), cellular respiration, and fermentation.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

ATP – Adenosine triphosphate is called the energy currency of the cell.

It is the organic compound composed of the phosphate groups, adenine, and the sugar ribose. These molecules provide energy for various biochemical processes in the body. Therefore, it is called “Energy Currency of the Cell”. These ATP molecules are synthesized by Mitochondria, therefore it is called powerhouse of the cell.

The ATP molecule was discovered in the year 1929 by German chemist Karl Lohmann. Later in the year 1948, Scottish biochemist Alexander Todd was the first person to synthesized the ATP molecule.

ATP – the energy-carrying molecules are found in the cells of all living things. These organic molecules function by capturing the chemical energy obtained from the digested food molecules and are later released for different cellular processes.

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Structure of ATP Molecule

Structure of ATP molecule

ATP – Adenosine triphosphate is a nucleotide, which is mainly composed of the molecule adenosine and three phosphate groups. It is soluble in water and has a high energy content, which is primarily due to the presence of two phosphoanhydride bonds connected to the three phosphate groups.

The triphosphate tail of ATP is the actual power source which the cell taps. The available energy is contained in the bonds between the phosphates and is released when they are broken or split into molecules. This occurs through the addition of a water molecule (hydrolysis). Usually, only the outer phosphate group is removed from ATP to yield energy; when this occurs, ATP – Adenosine triphosphate is converted into ADP – adenosine diphosphate, it is the form of the nucleotide having only two phosphates.

ATP molecules are largely composed of three essential components.

The pentose sugar molecule i.e. ribose sugar.

Nitrogen base- Adenine, attached to the first carbon of this sugar molecule.

The three phosphate groups which are attached in a chain to the 5th carbon of the pentose sugar. The phosphoryl groups, starting with the group closest to the ribose sugar, are referred to as the alpha, beta, and gamma phosphates. These phosphates play an important role in the activity of ATP.

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