Science
3. Answer the following questions. O
(a) What are herbs?
(b) What are shrubs?
(c) What are annual, biennial, and perennial plants?
(d) What is the name given to plants that grow on land and plants that grow in water?
(e) Give two examples each for flowering and non-flowering plants.
Answers
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Answer:
(a)In general use, herbs are plants with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal purposes, or for fragrances; excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients. Culinary use
typically distinguishes herbs from spices.
(b)A shrub or bush is a small- to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple stems and shorter height, less than 6 m-10 m tall.
(c)Annual plants:Annual, Any plant that completes its life cycle in a single growing season. The dormant seed is the only part of an annual that survives from one growing season to the next. Annuals include many weeds, wildflowers, garden flowers, and vegetables.
Biennial plants:A biennial plant is a flowering plant that takes two years to complete its biological life cycle. In the first year, the plant undergoes primary growth, in which its leaves, stems, and roots develop. Usually, the stem of the plant remains short and the leaves are low to the ground, forming a rosette.
perennial plants:A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth from trees and shrubs, which are also technically perennials.
(d)A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adapted to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic. The morphology and physiology of xerophytes are variously adapted to conserve water, and commonly also to store large quantities of water, during dry periods. Other species may be adapted to survive long periods of desiccation of their tissues, during which their metabolic activity may effectively shut down.
(e)Flowering plants:Daisies are a member of the sunflower family, scientifically known as Asteraceae, which with nearly 24,000 species is the largest family of flowering plants.
Non-flowering plants:ferns, mosses and liverworts.