Scientific issues for the development of the nation
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nuclear weapons
unscientific agricultural practice
unscientific agricultural practice
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scientist colleagues and national leaders alike failed to understand was that development
does not necessarily coincide with the possession of nuclear weapons or the capability to launch
satellites. Rather, it requires modern agriculture, industrial systems, and education. The technical
elite naïvely believed that spin-offs from their nuclear energy or space programs would somehow
convert their countries to 20th-century industrialized states. Instead, there were heavy economic
and political costs. In India, for example, such programs led to the development of nuclear
weapons--which only encouraged Pakistan to do the same--while many basic human needs such as
health and education were not given the support needed.
In my view, this scenario means that we in developing countries should not expect to follow the
research model that led to the scientific enterprise of the United States and elsewhere. Rather, we
need to adapt and develop technologies appropriate to our local circumstances, help strengthen education, and expand our roles as advisers in both government and industry. In this way, we can
prevent the brain-drain that results when scientists are not in touch with the problems of their home
countries or when they face indifference--and poor financial support--from their governments.
hope u can fetch enough points from these!!
does not necessarily coincide with the possession of nuclear weapons or the capability to launch
satellites. Rather, it requires modern agriculture, industrial systems, and education. The technical
elite naïvely believed that spin-offs from their nuclear energy or space programs would somehow
convert their countries to 20th-century industrialized states. Instead, there were heavy economic
and political costs. In India, for example, such programs led to the development of nuclear
weapons--which only encouraged Pakistan to do the same--while many basic human needs such as
health and education were not given the support needed.
In my view, this scenario means that we in developing countries should not expect to follow the
research model that led to the scientific enterprise of the United States and elsewhere. Rather, we
need to adapt and develop technologies appropriate to our local circumstances, help strengthen education, and expand our roles as advisers in both government and industry. In this way, we can
prevent the brain-drain that results when scientists are not in touch with the problems of their home
countries or when they face indifference--and poor financial support--from their governments.
hope u can fetch enough points from these!!
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