Scientists have established that some of the layers of Earth are solid, some are liquid, and some are semi-fluid. Explain how the scientists are able to determine the liquid and solid layers.
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The earth conducts seismic waves-- when an earthquake occurs, stations farther and farther away from the quake see the S and P waves propagated through deeper and deeper layers. By measuring the arrival time of the waves, the velocity of the waves can be found as a function of depth. There is clear evidence for several layers in the earth which both refract the waves and below which the velocities are different. This is a bit like holding a book under your desk while a friend (gently) taps the other end of the desk.
(I Don't know if that's correct)
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