Scope and significance of ethnobotany
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Ethnobotany is the Study of Plant-People relationship.
Ethnobotany relatively a new science deals with the various principles, which
govern such relationship between man and vegetation. In other words Ethnobotany
means all the sources of the plants towards humankind and the other species growing on the earth.
It reflects congruence with our human
efforts to understand our place in the world.
Linked to ethnobotany are taxonomy, nutrition, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, paly-
nology, ecology, and conservation biology. Ethnobotany has also been constructed to
include studies of those life forms traditionally, but no longer, considered as plants: algae,lichens, and fungi.
Ethnobotany can lead to a fascinating and fulfilling career, whether in a university, a
community, government, international agencies, or non-government organizations. Most
ethnobotanical research requires fieldwork in the outdoors for at least part of any project.
In 1893, a unique collection of botanical objects exhibited at the Chicago World’s
Fair caught the attention and imagination of John W. Harshberger, an archaeologist with
a keen interest in plants. This collection inspired Harshberger to propose a new field
of study, written up in the Botanical Gazette in an article entitled “The purposes of. ethno-botany” (1896).
*Approach to Ethnobotany
Ethnobotany relatively a new science deals with the various principles, which
govern such relationship between man and vegetation. In more simple word
Ethnobotany means all the sources of the plants towards human kind and the other
species on the earth.
According to above approaches could lead to the development of the
following main subdivision of ethnobotany.
l.Ethnobryology:- Ethnobotanical study ofbryophytes.
2.Ethnocosmetics:- Materials used by an ethinc group, folk, people or rare for care,
beautification or Ornamentation of body, particularly skin and hair.
3.Ethnodietetics:- That aspect of ethnogastrology which relates to choice. content
,frequency, consumption and nutritive value of food.
4.Ethnoecology:- Deals with all indigenous beliefs, concepts, knowledge and
practices relating to interaction between man and his environment, including motion
and practices for conservation of species, communities, and nature in general.
5.Ethnogastrology:- Deals with all aspects of eating and drinking like the kind.
source, frequency, quantity and processing of the materials used among any ethnic
group, folk, people, or face for satisfYing hunger and thirst. including the emergency.
famine or subsistence foods.
6.Ethnogynaecology:- Deals indigenous beliefs knowledge, concepts and practices
for treating problems of female fertility, contraception. pregnancy, child birth and
related problems.
7.Ethnohorticultare:- Indigenous belief, concepts knowledge and practices among
an ethnic group, folk, people or people about raising of horticultural plants. Plants
for fruits, vegetables, ornaments and pleasure unique in a community.
8.Ethnomedicinc:- Indigenous beliefs, concepts, knowledge and practices among an
ethnic group, folk, people or race for preventing, lessening or cursing diseases, pam
and folk medicine.
9.Ethnomedicobotany:- Study of plants employed as drugs among any ethic group
folk, people or race ethnobotanical aspect of any source of drug.
10.Ethnomusicology:- Study of among an ethnic group all aspects of their vocal and
instrumental music, the origin, evolution, themes and materials related to their music.
II.Ethnonarcotics:- Study of narcotics Substances among any ethic group, folk,
people or race.
12.Ethnoophthalmology:- Indigenous beliefs, knowledge, concepts and practices
for treating ailments of and injury to eye or impairment of vision.
13. Ethnoorthopaedics :- Indigenous beliefs knowledge concepts and practice for
healing of bones.
14. Ethnopaediatrics :- Indigenous knowledge concepts and practices about care of
children in sickness colic complaints and pain.
IS. Ethnopaleobotany:- Ethnobotanical aspects of fossilized plants materials.
16. Ethnopharmacy :- Deals with the unique beliefs knowledge concepts and
practices among an ethnic group, folk people or race about collecting preparing
preserving and dispensing of medicines.
17. Ethnopharmacology :- Pharmacological study of biological materials related to
an ethnic group folk people or race indigenous concepts and methods of observation
and experimentation on drugs.
18. Ethnotoxicology :- Study of substances considered or employed as toxic
antitoxic intoxicant among any ethnic group folk people or race.
19. Ethnovctcrinary :- Deals with the unique beliefs knowledge concepts skills and
practices among the folk relating to health of animal.
20. Ethnozoology :- Deals with all aspects of direct relationship between man and
animal.
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