SECTION A- Reading
1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
(1x8=8marks)
1. A few countries are using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains called maglev
trains. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation, which means that these trains will float over a guide
way, using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains.
pole
repel each other. This is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion Electromagnets are
similar to other magnets in that they attract metal objects, but the magnetic pull is temporary. A
small electromagnet can easily be created by connecting the ends of a copper wire to the positive
and negative ends of an AA, C or D-cell battery. This creates a small magnetic field. If you disconnect
either end of the wire from the battery, the magnetic field is taken away
3. The magnetic field created in this wire-and-batteryexperiment is the simple idea behind a maglev
train rail system. There are three components to this system: a large electrical power source; metal
coils lining a guideway or track and large guidance magnets attached to the underside of the train.
4. The major difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that the former does not
have an engine-at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks.
Instead of using fossil fuels, the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls
and the track combines to propel the train.
5. The magnetized coil running along the track, called a guide way, repels the large magnets on the
train's undercarriage, allowing the train to levitate between 0.39 and 3.93 inches (1 to 10 cms)
above the guideway. Once the train is levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the guideway
walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway.
6. Maglev trains float on a cushion of air, eliminating friction. This lack of friction and the trains
aerodynamic design allow these trains to reach unprecedented ground transportation speeds of
more than 310 mph (500 kmph), or twice as fast as Amtrak's fastest commuter train. At 310 mph,
you could travel from Paris to Rome in just over two hours!
7. Germany and Japan are both developing maglev train technology, and are currently testing
prototypes of their trains. In Germany, engineers have developed an electromagnetic suspension
(EMS) system, called Transrapid. While maglev transportation was first proposed more than a
century ago, the first commercial maglev train made its debut in Shanghai, China, in 2002, using a
carriage developed by a German company.
8. Today several countries, including India, are planning to start this service.
1.1 Complete the following statements in your own words based on your reading of the passage.
Answers
Answered by
6
Answer:
bhai where did u copy paste from I think this is literally from yr exam paper loll
Answered by
4
Answer:
1.1 Complete the following statements in your own words based on your reading of the
passage.
(a) The two ways in which Maglev trains are different from traditional trains are
…………………………………….. .
(b) The principle on which these trains work is …………………………………….. .
(c) Maglev trains help reduce pollution because …………………………………….. .
(d) These trains are called frictionless because …………………………………….. .
(e) The first country to adopt Maglev technology was …………………………………….. .
1.2 Find words in the passage that mean:
(a) forward movement (para 2) …………………………………….. .
(b) parts (para 3) …………………………………….. .
(c) traditional (para 4) …………………………………….. .
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