Select a foodborne toxin
(a)Botulinum toxin
(b) Tetanus Toxin
(c) Diphtheria toxin
(d) Cholera Toxin
Answers
Answer:
Toxins produced by pathogens involved in foodborne diseases are as follows: Cholera toxin (Ctx) (Vibrio cholerae), Thermolabile toxin (LT) Thermostable toxin (ST) (Enterotoxigenic E. coli), Shiga Toxin (Shigella dysenteriae and E.
Explanation:
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Answer: (a)
An exotoxin is a toxin that is produced by, in this case, a bacterial cell and released into the environment around the cell. The botulism exotoxin is only released by the vegetative, meaning actively growing, bacteria and is the most potent and deadly natural substance known.
(b)
Tetanus toxin is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium tetani in anaerobic conditions, causing tetanus. It has no known function for clostridia in the soil environment where they are normally encountered. It is also called spasmogenic toxin, or TeNT.
Symbol: TeNT
(c)Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted by Corynebacterium, the pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria. The toxin gene is encoded by a prophage (a virus that has inserted itself into the genome of the host bacterium).
(d) Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. CTX is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera infection.