Question

Select the incorrect statement with respect to ground state electronic configuration of Cu(Z = 29) O It violates Aufbau's principle The unpaired electron belongs to highest energy orbital Exchange energy of actual electronic configuration is more than that of expected electronic configuration O Number of radial nodes for outermost orbital is 3​

Answer 1

The Configuration of Copper is

Actual :-

(argon) 4s^1 3d^10

Expected :-

(argon) 4s^2 3d^10

Statement 1 :

True.

It violates Hund's Rule as the Electron enters 3d before 4s is completely filled.

Statement 2 :

False

The unpaired electron is in 4s and energy of 3d orbital is mote than 4s.

Statement 3 :

True.

Since actual configuration has 10 electron in d subshell which is more stable than expected one that would have only 9 electron in d subshell.

Statement 4 :

False.

No of radial nodes = n-l-1

and for d subshell the value is 2.

Hence number of nodes = 3-2-1 = 0

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Answer 2

The incorrect statement with respect to the ground state electronic configuration of copper is that the number of nodes for outermost orbitals is 3. (OPTION D)

Explanation

COPPER ATOM -

• A metal with atomic number 29 and is placed in group 11 and period 4 of the periodic table.
• The metal becomes to d-block in the periodic table and violates some basic laws of chemistry.
• In the electronic configuration, electrons in order to attain extra-stability violate the Aufbau principle.
• The principle states the electrons are filled in the order of energy levels.
• Exceptionally, in copper, the higher energy level 3d is filled first in place of 4s, a shell with lower energy.
• The electrons are paired in all shells except 4s because of the ability of electrons to attain a stable configuration.
• The exchange energy of fully filled sublevels is more than half-filled shells.
• Therefore, the energy of the expected shell $3d^9$ is far less than the exchange energy of a fully filled $3d^1^0$, outermost shell.
• Radial nodes are calculated by principle quantum number, (n-3) = (3 - 3) = 0
• The radial nodes in the outermost shell i.e. 3d s zero.