SESSION-2021-22
Class- X Subject- Science
Chapter-6
Assignment No.-II
Life processes (Nutrition in Animals)
I. Very short questions:-
Q.1. The temporary finger like extensions of the cell surface of Amoeba
which helps in taking food is called _____________
Q.2. What is the name of the body part of Amoeba in which the complex
substances are broken down into simpler ones?
II. Case study-
When we eat something we like, our mouth waters. This is actually not only
water but a fluid called saliva secreted by the salivary glands. The salivary
amylase is an enzyme present in saliva which breaks down starch into simple
sugar. It is necessary to move the food in a regulated manner along the
digestive tube so that it can be processed easily. The digestion in stomach is
taken care by gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach.
Q.1. Rhythmic movement of muscles in the lining of gut are known as-
(a) Contracting movements (b) Dilating movements
(c) Peristaltic movement (d) None of these
Q.2. Saliva contains which enzyme from the following-
(a) pancreatic amylase (b) lipase
(b) Salivary amylase (d) Trypsin
Q.3. Salivary amylase acts on-
(a) Amino acids (b) Starch (c) Fats (d) Both (a) & (b)
Q.4. After digestion proteins fats & carbohydrates are respectively converted
into-
(a) Glucose, fatty acids, glycerods (b) amino acid, fatty acids, glucose
(c) Glucose, amino acids, fatty acids (d) Fatty acids, glycerol, amino acids
III. Short questions-
Q.1. (a) What is the role of hydrochloric acid in our stomach?
(b) What is the function of enzymes in the human digestives system.
Q.2. (a) Which part of the body secretes bile? Where is bile stored? What is
the function of bile?
(b) What is trypsin? What is its function?
Q.3. What is emulsification?
IV. Short questions-
Q. Explain the digestion in stomach.
V. Long question.
Q. (a) Name all the digestive enzymes present in our digestive system.
(b) Explain the process of digestion of carbohydrates, fats & proteins.
(c) Why do people complain of acidity problems an consuming too much of
fats & proteins.
VI. Assertion & reasons type questions:-
Assertion:- In stomach food is digested with the help of HCl
Reason:- HCl help to kill the bacteria present in the food, stops the action of
saliva & provides acidic medium for the enzymes.
(a) If both the assertion & reason are true & reason is the correct explanation
of assertion.
(b) If both assertion & reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false
(d) If assertion is false but reason is true
(a) If both the assertion & reason are true & reason is the correct explanation
of assertion.
(b) If both assertion & reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false
(d) If assertion is false but reason is true
2. Assertion:- Bile does not contain any enzyme.
Reason:- Pancreas contain trypsin enzyme.
(a) If both the assertion & reason are true & reason is the correct explanation
of assertion.
(b) If both assertion & reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false
(d) If assertion is false but reason is true.
Answers
Answer:
Pseudopodia
food vacuole
peristaltic movement
salivary amylase
both a and b
b
In this question, we need to answer the following question.
I ANSWER 1-
Pseudopodia is the temporary finger-like extension of the cell surface of Amoeba which helps in taking food.
Food vacuoles are formed by pseudopodia that fuse over the food particle. Inside the food vacuole, complex chemicals are broken down into simpler ones which eventually diffuse into the cytoplasm
ANSWER 2-
Food Vacuole is the part of the body part of Amoeba in which the complex substances are broken down into simpler ones.
II
ANSWER 1 -
Peristaltic movement is the rhythmic movement of muscles in the lining of the gut.
Food is moved through the digestive tract by a sequence of wave-like muscle contractions called peristalsis.
ANSWER 2 -
Saliva contains which enzyme salivary amylase.
The salivary glands create salivary amylase, an enzyme that cleaves glucose polymers.
ANSWER 3-
Salivary amylase acts on Starch.
Oral perception of starches, pre absorptive metabolic signaling, and plasma glucose responses to ingested starch are all influenced by salivary amylase. Different levels of starch metabolism efficiency are brought on by these early regulators of digestion.
ANSWER 4-
After digestion proteins, fats and carbohydrates are respectively converted into amino acids, glycerides, and glucose.
III
ANSWER 1 (a)
The digestive enzymes disintegrate the proteins while the hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice breaks down the food. Bacteria are also killed by the stomach juice's acidity. The mucus provides a protective layer to the stomach wall.
ANSWER 1 (b)
The food you eat needs to be broken down by digestive enzymes. These proteins quicken the processes by which nutrients are converted into elements that your digestive system can absorb.
ANSWER 2 (a)
The liver produces and secretes a fluid called bile, which is then kept in the gallbladder for later use. Digestion is aided by bile. It transforms lipids into fatty acids that the digestive system can absorb and use as fuel.
ANSWER 2 (b)
We can digest protein with the aid of the enzyme trypsin. Trypsin breaks down proteins in the small intestine, carrying on the digestive process that started in the stomach. It can also be referred to as a proteinase or a proteolytic enzyme. The pancreas creates trypsinogen, an inactive form of trypsin.
ANSWER 3-
The process of mixing two or more immiscible liquids to create an emulsion that is semi-stable is known as emulsification. These two liquids typically have an organic (oil) phase and an aqueous (water) phase that is stabilized in food applications by the inclusion of a food-grade emulsifier (surfactant).
IV
The muscular organ that digests food is your stomach. It is a component of your digestive system (GI). When you eat, your stomach contracts and releases the acids and enzymes needed to break down the meal. After your stomach has digested the meal, your small intestine absorbs the nutrients.
The stomach releases digestive enzymes and acid. The stomach is covered in muscular tissue ridges known as rugae. The stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. A muscle valve called the pyloric sphincter opens to let food move from the stomach to the small intestine.
V
(A) Digestion enzymes can be divided into three categories: Proteins are broken down into tiny peptides and amino acids by proteases. Fat is broken down into three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule by lipases. Amylases: Convert carbohydrates, such as starch, into simple sugars.
(B) In the intestine, where they are broken down into their constituent parts, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are digested. carbs are converted into sugars. into amino acids from proteins. Fatty acids and glycerol are formed from fats.
(C) Fats and proteins containing rich food stay in the stomach for a longer time, making the stomach release more acid or HCl for their digestion, as a result, consuming more fats and protein-rich food results in acidity or acid reflux.
PROJECT CODE #SPJ2
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