Question

Shifting to renewable energy resources is going to be very vital for developing
countries in order to tackle the problems of pollution, achieving Climate related
targets, social upliftment and economic development. Elaborate on this statement in
about 750 words. Also discuss the uses, advantages and disadvantages of any two
renewable energy resources which you think have high potential in India.

Answer 1

Explanation:

Access to electricity and modern energy sources is a

basic requirement to achieve and sustain higher liv-

ing standards. It is essential for lighting, heating and

cooking, as well as for education, modern health treat-

ment and productive activities. Yet 1.6 billion people

lack such access, and more than half of all people

living in developing countries rely on the combustion

of traditional biomass (e.g. wood) to meet their basic

energy needs for cooking and heating. Lack of access

to modern energy sources is both the result and the

cause of poverty, as it exacerbates and perpetuates

poverty. The poorer the population, the more likely it is

to lack access to electricity and modern energy sup-

ply, and the more difficult it might be to reverse that

situation.

While lack of access to modern energy supply in de-

veloping countries affects poor people in general, it

is a particularly defining feature of rural populations.

First, because rural populations are geographically

dispersed, often far away from main urban areas, and

hence cannot be easily or economically connected to

existing national grids. Second, because rural popu-

lations tend to have limited disposable income to fi-

nance the initial costs of connection to grids, in-house

wiring and the monthly payments of energy bills. The

combined result is that resource-constrained devel-

oping-country governments might find the costs of

extending national grids prohibitive, and investments

may be unattractive or entail too high a risk for the pri-

vate sector