shivaji maharaj's policy regarding agriculture
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The main source of income to state of Shivaji Maharaj was booty & tribute, which he got from the battles and wars he fought. The Victory over Afzalkhan brought great wealth to Shivaji defeat of Afzalkhan , made him available 65 elephants ,4000 best Arabic Horses ,1200 camels & jwellery of Rs.3 lakhs .He also got 2000 bals of rich clothes of rupees seven lakhs in cash. In addition he got cannons, guns & weapons of all types including thousands of tents. It was greatful wealth to Swaraj. Shivaji Maharaj always need of funds for building his nation. His state emerged out of nothing. Therefore need for funds was always there. Until 1674 he was not a crowded king & therefore he could not impose taxes on people to raise funds to meet ever increasing expenditure of the state. Building army and strengthening of defenses needed funds therefore he plundered enemy territories to raise funds.
This was reason behind plundering the rich city Surat besides, he wanted to give fitting reply to the Mughals who were not only Plundering in his kingdom but also did atrocities on the rytos. The Mughals never spared anyone from their onslaught ,But Shivaji Maharaj never harassed common People or the poor ,children & women. He demanded amount of ransom or tribute from the rich & merchants. If they refused lTo pay him the only he used force & looted their establishments.The attack on Surat was enormous .IT valued at one core.The second attack on Surat valued at rupees 75 lakhs along with gold silver .The Maratha army also found rich furniture in city of Surat. The second attack on Surat proved to be death blow to the rich city ,The Mughals failed to protect it.In Addition with this ,the marchants raided Bahadurkhan’s camp at Pedgaon & collected a Booty of Rupees on crore in cash and 200 Horses. Marchants got ¼ of the collection revenue from the Portuguese
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