Short and detail summary of history ch-1 of class 10
Answers
Chapter - 1 (The Rise of Nationalism in Europe)
In the nineteenth century the Nationalism emerged as a force which brought about sweeping the changes in the mental and political world of the Europe.
This leaded to the emergence of the nation state in the place of the multinational dynastic empire of Europe.
French revolution leaded to the first clear expression of Nationalism in 1789.
The political and constitutional changes that came in the wake of the French revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy in the body of the French people.
A new flag of France was designed to replace the former royal standard. The new flag was tricolour.
And the estate general was elected by the body of the active citizens and they renamed the national assembly.
The new hymns were composed, they took oaths and remembered their Martyrs.
This news travelled very fast and reached the different cities of the Europe.
As a result of this people in these cities begin setting up jacobin clubs.
There was no nation states in middle 18th century Europe.
The only tie binding those diverse groups of Europe like Germany Italy and Switzerland was a common allegiance to the emperor.
Ideas what is national unity in the early 19th century work closely allied to the ideology of liberalism.
Conservatives resigns set up in 1815 were autocratic.
Secret societies in many European States begin to train revolutionaries who died at the creation of nation States.
The revolutions made by the liberal and nationalists spread in in many regions of Europe.
The Julie revolution sparked an uprising in Brussels which led to Belgium breaking away from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
Culture also played an important role in Europe give rise to a struggle for independence amongst the greeks.
In Britain the formation of the nation-state didn't lead to a revolution which was sudden.
The symbols of the new Britain the British flag and, the national anthem ,the English language etc. work actively promoted.
Artists in the 18th and 19th century begin to represent our country as if it were a person.
The female figure become an allegory of the nation.
In the last quarter of the 19th century, the nationalism was no longer retained its idealistic and liberal democratic sentiment of the first half of the 19 th century.
But it became an arrow creed with limited ends.
The 19th century also witnessed the growth of anti imperial movements in different parts of the world.