SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q.1.What were the features of humanist thought?
Q.2.What do you mean by Renaissance? From where did it start?
Q.3.What were the relative advantages of canal and railway transportation?
Q.4.How were the lives of different classes of British women affected by the Industrial
Revolution?
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q.5.What were the main characteristics of Renaissance?
Q.6.What are Trade unions? Discuss its aim while they were formed
Q.7.Which factors were responsible for Industrial Revolution in England? Explain.
Answers
Q.1 The features of humanist thought is
1) Interested in present world rather than future life.
2) Interested in nature and science.
Q.2Renaissance is the cultural movement that started in Italy (with Florence identified as the initial home of the Renaissance) in 15th Century. It then spread to United Kingdom, France, Germany etc. ... The renaissance originated in Italy and spread to other parts of Europe. The movement did not begin overnight.
Q.3 Transporting coal through canals was cheaper and faster than doing it by road. Railways provided faster, cheaper and more reliable means of transport; for both goods and people.
Q.4 Women were supposed to observe strict discipline. They were also punished for violation of any discipline. Women of all classes began to work in factories.
Q.5 Main characteristics of Renaissance are:-
Classic antiquity: Hamlet has lots of references to classical Greek and Roman stories, characters, and historical events. For example, you can find a murderous king (Pyrrhus), and a queen in mourning over her murdered husband (Hecuba), which mirror the main plot points of the play.
Humanist philosophy: In Act II, Scene 2, Line 311, Hamlet asks: "What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties..." In this speech, you can see a clear assertion of humanist ideas about the uniqueness and extraordinary abilities of the human mind.
Religion: In Hamlet's most famous soliloquy, which begins, "To be or not to be...", he alludes to an unknown afterlife, "The undiscovered country...," which is a stark departure from Medieval religious ideas rooted in a strict belief that people either go to heaven or hell when they die.
Politics: There were big political changes taking place during the time that Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. This is reflected in the play by Hamlet's questioning of Claudius's right to ascend to the throne in his father's place. It was a new idea to question anything having to do with the "natural" hierarchical structures that maintained political power.
Science: This point is illustrated by Shakespeare's use of the play-within-the play in Hamlet. Here, Prince Hamlet's play, The Mousetrap, is presented to the court supposedly as entertainment, but Hamlet's intent is to gather obvious evidence of Claudius's guilt for the murder of his father. Says Hamlet: "...the play's the thing Wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king."
Q.6
Trade union is an organisation of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas, such as working conditions. Trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members and negotiates labour contracts with employers. This may include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies. The agreements negotiated by the union leaders are binding on the rank and file memebers and the employer and in some cases on other non-member workers. Trade unions became popular in many countries during the Industrial Revolution. Aims of the formation of Trade unions are
(i) To fight for the well-being of the workers.
(ii) To fight against the injustice and malpractices in the industries.
(iii) To fight for regulating the working hours for the workers.
(iv) To fight for higher wages wages of the workers for their work done.
(v) To demand better services facilities and the working conditions of the workers.
(vi) These were formed to maintain the harmonious relations between the employer and the employees.
Q.7 Factors responsible for Industrial Revolution are:-
(i) Capital : The British traders had been trading in foreign countries for a long time. So, they had the sufficient capital for the establishment of the industries.
(ii) Natural resources : England had plenty of natural resources like iron and coal which are essential for the industries.
Answer: Two features of humanist thought were: To encourage dignity of humans beings. Freedom of human life from control of religion.
Answer:The Renaissance started in Florence, Italy, a place with a rich cultural history where wealthy citizens could afford to support budding artists. ... Then, during the 15th century, Renaissance ideas spread from Italy to France and then throughout western and northern Europe.
Answer: Transporting coal through canals was cheaper and faster than doing it by road. Railways provided faster, cheaper and more reliable means of transport; for both goods and people.
Answer: Women of all classes began working in factories. It helped them in getting financial independence and self-esteem. But their wages for the same hour of work were low in comparison to those of men.
long answer type
Answer:Characteristics of the Renaissance include a renewed interest in classical antiquity; a rise in humanist philosophy (a belief in self, human worth, and individual dignity); and radical changes in ideas about religion, politics, and science.
Here are some examples of how these characteristics are illustrated in Hamlet:
Classic antiquity: Hamlet has lots of references to classical Greek and Roman stories, characters, and historical events. For example, you can find a murderous king (Pyrrhus), and a queen in mourning over her murdered husband (Hecuba), which mirror the main plot points of the play.
2.Humanist philosophy: In Act II, Scene 2, Line 311, amlet asks: "What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties..." In this speech, you can see a clear assertion of humanist ideas about the uniqueness and extraordinary abilities of the human mind.
3.Religion: In Hamlet's most famous soliloquy, whih begins, "To be or not to be...", he alludes to an unknown afterlife, "The undiscovered country...," which is a stark departure from Medieval religious ideas rooted in a strict belief that people either go to heaven or hell when they die.
4.Politics: There were big political changes taking place during the time that Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. This is reflected in the play by Hamlet's questioning of Claudius's right to ascend to the throne in his father's place. It was a new idea to question anything having to do with the "natural" hierarchical structures that maintained political power.
5.Science: This point is illustrated by Shakespeare's use of the play-within-the play in Hamlet. Here, Prince Hamlet's play, The Mousetrap, is presented to the court supposedly as entertainment, but Hamlet's intent is to gather obvious evidence of Claudius's guilt for the murder of his father. Says Hamlet: "...the play's the thing Wherein I'll catch the conscience of the king."
Answer:Trade union, also called labour union, association of workers in a particular trade, industry, or company created for the purpose of securing improvements in pay, benefits, working conditions, or social and political status through collective bargaining.
(i) To fight for the well-being of the workers. (ii) To fight against the injustice and malpractices in the industries. (iii) To fight for regulating the working hours for the workers. (iv) To fight for higher wages wages of the workers for their work done.
Answer:The factors responsible for Industrial Revolution in England were as follows:
Natural resources: There was plenty of natural resources like iron and coal in England. ...
Capital: The traders of Britain had established good trade relations with numerous countries since a long time. ...
Climate: The climate of Britain is humid.
Women of all classes began working in factories. It helped them in getting financial independence and self-esteem.
But their wages for the same hour of work were low in comparison to those of men.
Industrialization was a blessing in disguise. A number of food items became cheap and were available in abundance. It increased the social status of the women in particular.
Women were supposed to observe strict discipline. They were also punished for violation of any discipline.
hope it helps u