Short Answer Type Questions :
1. Define a Republic.
2. Who was the first ruler of Magadha ?
3. Name any two famous rulers of the kingdom of Magadha.
4. Mention two factors that helped in the growth of Magadha.
5. Who was gramini?
6. Name any two religions which flourished during 600 B.C.
7. What is a Mahajanapada ?
8. What is a Janapada ?
9. Name any two Janasanghas.
10. What was a guild ?
Answers
Answer:
Answers:
1.a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
2.Bimbisara.
3.Bimbisara (also known as Shrenika) and his son Ajatashatru (also known as Kunika).
4.The factors that contributed to the rise of Magadha were the strategic locations of its two capitals Rajagriha and Pataliputra, very rich alluvial soil contributing to agricultural surplus production, and the availability of minerals, which resulted in the introduction of iron tools especially for warfare.
5.Gramini was"rig Vedic polity"during rig Vedic era,the basic unit of power lied within a patnachal family (kula). the head of family was kulapa. a group of such families called grama. which was controlled by a village headland.
6.In 6th century BCE, the Shramnic movement matured into Jainism and Buddhism and was responsible for the schism of Indian religions into two main philosophical branches of astika, which venerates Veda (e.g., six orthodox schools of Hinduism) and nastika (e.g., Buddhism, Jainism, Charvaka, etc.).
7.The Mahājanapadas (Sanskrit: great realm, from maha, "great", and janapada "foothold of a people") were sixteen kingdoms or oligarchic republics that existed in Northern ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE during the second urbanisation period.
8.The Janapadas (pronounced [dʑɐnɐpɐdɐ]) were the realms, republics (ganapada) and kingdoms (saamarajya) of the Vedic period on the Indian subcontinent. The Vedic period reaches from the late Bronze Age into the Iron Age: from about 1500 BCE to the 6th century BCE.
9.Udichya (Northern region)
Prachya (Eastern region)
10.Guild, also spelled gild, an association of craftsmen or merchants formed for mutual aid and protection and for the furtherance of their professional interests. Guilds flourished in Europe between the 11th and 16th centuries and formed an important part of the economic and social fabric in that era.
Answer:
1 Republic, form of government in which a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen body. Modern republics are founded on the idea that sovereignty rests with the people, though who is included and excluded from the category of the people has varied across history.
2 Bimbisara
3 Two notable rulers of Magadha were Bimbisara (also known as Shrenika) and his son Ajatashatru (also known as Kunika)
4 The factors that contributed to the rise of Magadha were the strategic locations of its two capitals Rajagriha and Pataliputra, very rich alluvial soil contributing to agricultural surplus production, and the availability of minerals, which resulted in the introduction of iron tools especially for warfare.
5 Gramini was"rig Vedic polity"during rig Vedic era,the basic unit of power lied within a patnachal family (kula). the head of family was kulapa. a group of such families called grama. which was controlled by a village headland.
6 Jainism and Buddhism.
7 The places where people placed their foot or where the tribe placed its foothold came to be known as Janapada. Such Janapadas were known according to the tribes that had settled there. The most powerful among the Mahajanapadas was Magadha.
8 The meaning of the word 'Janapada' is the place where people put their pad or feet. The Janapada consisted of many villages and towns. Concept: Introduction to Terms - Janapadas and Mahajanapadas.
9 Akhil Bhartiya and jana Sangh
10 Guilds were the association of craftsmen or merchants who followed same craft and profession. Guilds usually existed in the medieval period. The main aim of forming guilds was to protect the interests of the members.
Explanation: