Question

Short-answer type questions :
1. What are the functions of a cell membrane?
2. How is a bacterial cell different from human cell?
3. What is chromosome and its functions?
4. What is endoplasmic reticulum and its function?​

Answer 1

Answer:

function of the cell membrane

The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell. Another is that the membrane of the cell, which would be the plasma membrane, will have proteins on it which interact with other cells.

2 nd answer

human:Cytoplasmic bridges are present which help in inter-cellular transport in between neighboring cells.

bacterial:No cytoplasmic bridges as there is only one cell.

Cell shape

human:Only spherical or oval.

bacterial:Cells can be of different shapes.

RNA (ribo nucleic acid)

human:80 s type with 60 s and 40 s sub units.

bacterial:70 s type with 50s and 30s type sub units.

Reproduction

human:Asexual reproduction only.

bacterial:Both sexual and asexual reproduction happens.

Cell division occurs by

human:All cells undergo mitosis. Only ovum and sperm formation by meiosis. While nerve cells never divide.

bacterial:Mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis gives two cells and meiosis gives fur cells.

Movement

human:Cannot move, except for sperm and ova. While blood cells flow in the fluid.

bacterial:Can move on their own with flagella for normal needs.

Nutrition

human:Heterotrophs. Depends on the food supplied by blood from body gut.

bacterial:Autotrophic, heterotrophic, parasitic etc. Autotrophs manufacture their own food. Disease causing bacteria are parasites & live on other organisms.

Cell death

Human cell is mortal. Cell dies by either apoptosis or necrosis.

Bacterial cell is immortal. It never dies unless sterilized. Divides for new offspring’s. Even in harsh conditions it tries to survive as spore form (dormant).

Answer 2

Explanation:

And 1. Cell membrane is porous and allows the entry and exit of only selected substances. It also prevents the movement of some substance across it. Thus, it is called selectively permeable membrane.

Ans 2. Human cell are eukaryotes whereas bacterial cell are prokaryotes. Bacterial cell do not have well -organised nucleus due to the absence of nuclear membrane. But human cell have well organised nucleus with nuclear membrane.

Ans 3. Chromosome are thread like structures located inside plant and animal cell.