Short answer type questions
1. What is a microscope? What does it help us to view?
2. What are microorganisms? Name five major groups of microbes.
3. Where do fungi derive their nutrition from?
4. What is a virus? Give two examples of viruses.
5. What is an antibiotic?
6. What is a vaccine? Name two diseases that can be prevented by a vaccine.
7. Define nitrogen fixation.
8. What are pathogens? How do they get spread?
9. What are communicable diseases? Give two examples of communicable dis
in animals.
10. Define food preservation. Name any three methods of food preservation.
Answers
Answer:
1 ans-A microscope is an instrument that can be used to observe small objects, even cells. The image of an object is magnified through at least one lens in the microscope. This lens bends light toward the eye and makes an object appear larger than it actually is.
2 ans--A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or a colony of cells. Microbial diversity is truly staggering, yet all these microbes can be grouped into five major types: Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Protists.
3 ans-Fungi get their nutrition by absorbing organic compounds from the environment. Fungi are heterotrophic: they rely solely on carbon obtained from other organisms for their metabolism and nutrition.
4 ans--A virus is a fragment of code embedded in a legitimate program. Virus are self-replicating and are designed to infect other programs. They can wreak havoc in a system by modifying or destroying files causing system crashes and program malfunctions.
5 ans--An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria.
6 ans--A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. Vaccine preventable diseases currently include:
diphtheria.
tetanus.
pertussis (whooping cough)
poliomyelitis (polio)
7 ans--Nitrogen fixation is a process by which molecular nitrogen in the air is converted into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds in soil.
8 ans--Pathogens can be transmitted a few ways depending on the type. They can be spread through skin contact, bodily fluids, airborne particles, contact with feces, and touching a surface touched by an infected person.
9 ans--The disease that can be transmitted from a ill person to a healthy person by air water physical contact etc. is called as communicable disease.
10 ans--Food preservation, any of a number of methods by which food is keptfrom spoilage after harvest or slaughter. ... Among the oldest methods of preservation are drying, refrigeration, and fermentation. Modern methods include canning, pasteurization, freezing, irradiation, and the addition of chemicals.
Answer:
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