Short Answer Type Questions :-
1. Why did Babur come to India?
2. Why did Akbar build the Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri?
3. How many provinces were there in the Mughal Empire and how were they divided?
4. Who were mansabdars? What was the relation between the mansabdar and the Jagir?
5. Who were zamindars? What were their role in Mughal administration?
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Answers
1). Why did Babur come to India?
⇒Babur primarily came to India because :
i) he was forced to leave his ancestral throne of Ferghana in 1494 as it was invaded by the Uzbegs, another Mongal group.
ii) After wandering from one place to another, he captured Kabul in 1504, defeated Ibrahim Lodi (Delhi Sultan at that time) and captured Agra and Delhi in 1526.
2). Why did Akbar build the Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri?
⇒Akbar built Ibadat Khana at Fatehpur Sikri because:
i) he was very interested to know about the social customs of people who belonged to different religions.
ii) He discussion on religion with Brahmanas, Ulama, Jesuit priests and Zoroastrians in Ibadat Khana.
3). How many provinces were there in the Mughal Empire and how were they divided?
⇒There were 22 provinces in Mughal Empire. They were also called subas. Each subah was divided into revenue circles which had its own schedule of revenue rates for crops grown individually.
4). Who were mansabdars? What was the relation between the mansabdar and the Jagir?
⇒Mansabdars were people which included Turanis, Rajputs, Indian Muslims, Afghans, etc. who held a position called mansab.
Mansabdars used to receive their salaries as jagirs in the form of revenue assignments that were like iqtas.
5). Who were zamindars? What were their role in Mughal administration?
⇒Zamindars was a common term for all the mediators like: local headmen of villages or any powerful chieftains.
The role of zamindars in Mughal administration was simply to acquire the taxes paid by peasants because these taxes on peasant producery were the main source of income of Mughal rulers.
Answer:
1. Babur wanted to for an empire in India . He was invited by Daulat Khan Lodi a rebel of the lodhi dynasty to overthrow the king Ibrahim Lodi in 1524. Daulat Khan thought Babur would just overthrow Ibrahim and return back but Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of panipat in 1526 and formed Mughal Empire.
2.The House of Worship or the Ibadat Khana was established by Mughal Emperor Akbar (1542-1605 CE) for conducting religious debates and discussions among theologians and professors of different religions. 37 kms from Agra is built a city predominantly in Red Sandstone and is called Fatehpur Sikri. This town was built by the Mughal Emperor, Akbar. He had planned this city as his capital but shortage of water compelled him to abandon the city. ... Fatehpur Sikri was built during 1571 and 1585.
3.Initially, after the administrative reforms of Akbar, the Mughal empire was divided into 12 subahs : Kabul, Lahore, Multan, Delhi, Agra, Avadh, Illahabad, Bihar, Bangalah, Malwa, Ajmer and Gujarat.