Short essay about women in science in Telugu language
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The era of globalization and rapid technological development has changed people’s lives dramatically. Science and technology play an extremely important role in the contemporary society. Government in developed and developing countries recognize the importance of the development of S&T sphere. The roles of men and women have changed dramatically in the contemporary society. Women have got more freedom to express themselves and take active part in the development of technologies, despite the fact that there are still problems in this sphere. As stated in the report by the United Nations(2011) called Applying a Gender Lens to Science, Technology and Innovation, : “There is also need for recognition of the importance of applying a “gender lens” to STI for development. Indeed, STI policies and programmes will not be effective, equitable and sustainable unless the gender lens is applied so as to reflect the aims, concerns, situation and abilities of both women and men” (11). People realize the gender equality is one of the components of healthy society and true development is impossible without it. Only understanding of contribution women can make to the development of science and technology can bring positive impact on the development of this sphere.
At the present moment all over the world, with small exceptions, women take an active social role and demonstrate their abilities in a lot of spheres. Nowadays women are active in good production industry, natural-resources management, educational sphere, community management. Women occupy different positions in these spheres and professions in the spheres mentioned above are mostly considered to be female ones . Big percentage of women work in the medical industry, as well. In the developing countries women are also often involved in agricultural sphere and take part in the production of food, selling it and farming. In addition, most of women have additional burden, such as home work and care about the members of the family.
Despite the growing temps of technological development and popularity of feminism, women do not still possess equal position in the society. “Although women and girls make up approximately 50 per cent of the global population, they have access to much less than half of the resources in terms of technology, financing, land, training and education, and information” (Applying a Gender Lens to Science, Technology and Innovation, 12). A lot specialists believe that true progress and development are not possible without women’s active participation in these processes. The gender lens would be an essential contribution to the development of STI sphere and would enable people to meet the global changes. “UNESCO figures reveal that in 121 countries with available data, women comprise 29 percent of researchers but there were big disparities among regions. For example, in Latin America and the Caribbean, 46 percent of researchers are female and Argentina, Cuba, Brazil, Paraguay and Venezuela have achieved gender parity. In Asia, women constitute only 18 percent of researchers overall. India and Japan have 13 percent female researchers and South Korea has 15 percent. In Africa women comprised about 33 percent of researchers” (UNESCO 2009). These numbers show that women’s participation in STI is very low. Even in the countries with comparatively high rates, women’s participation does not make even 50 per cent. These results show that gender inequality still exists in this sphere and it is necessary to pay scrupulous attention to this problem. The Baltic countries show the best results in this sphere. Women’s engagement in STI is comparatively high and is often higher than 50 percents. Among such countries are Lithuania (68.3 %), Estonia, Estonia (63.9%), Bulgaria (63.8 %), and Latvia (63.2 %) (Human Resources in Science and Technology). The experience of these countries can become a valuable help for other countries which want to establish gender equality in the sphere of science and technology.
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Despite marked advances towards gender equality and women empowerment especially during the last century, progress has been slow and disparities persist around the world. Unfortunately, science is not immune to such inequalities, with women representing only a third of researchers globally and often facing gender-based discrimination and a lack of equal opportunities. With this collection of Turning Point articles we celebrate women researchers by providing a snapshot of the research world through their eyes. In their essays our authors recount some of their personal stories, and share the challenges and successes that marked their careers in research.
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