Question

short not on nerves

What is peripheral nervous system

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Answer 1

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Answer :

$\bold \blue{nerves}$

Nerves are cablelike structures made up of bundles of axons . The cyton from which the actions arise are either located in the brain of the spinal cord . Nerves can also arise from groups of neurons called ganglia  and from the sense organs. A layer of connective tissue covers each nerve , and several blood vessels supply it with nutrients . Nerves are of three types sensory , motor and mixed .

Sensory nerves are made up of axons of sensory neurons they carry impulses to the brain or the spinal cord from the sense organs and other organs of the body . Motor neurons are made up of actions of motor neurons they carry impulses from the brain or the spinal cord to the effector organs.  Mixed nerves contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons, and carry impulses to and from the brain and the spinal cord .

$\bold \purple{the \: peripheral \: nervous \: system}$

The Peripheral Nervous System consists of nerves that connect the central nervous system with all parts of the body . Altogether it comprises 43 pairs of nerves , 12 of which arise from the brain and 31 from the spinal cord . The former are called cranial nerves and the latter spinal nerves . Each pair of nerves consists of a sensory nerve that carries messages to the brain and spinal cord, and a motor nerve that carries messages from the brain and spinal cord . The nerves have innumerable branches, which are included in the peripheral nervous system .

The peripheral nervous system carries impulses to and from the sensory organs , such as the skin and conveys messages to effector organs, such as glands and muscles . The Peripheral Nervous System has two component - The Somatic Nervous System or Voluntary Nervous System and The Autonomic Nervous system or Voluntary Nervous System .

The Somatic Nervous System is concerned with voluntary activity . It carries information from our sense organs and regulates the movement of the skeletal muscles accordingly .

The Autonomic Nervous system, on the other hand, is concerned with the execution of involuntary activities such as Heartbeat, sweating, breathing, activity of the digestive organs, secretion from plants and excretion . it is controlled by the medulla oblongata . This system may be divided into the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system . These systems function in a complementary fashion . While the former raises the level of organs activity, say during stress or danger, the latter decreases the organs activity . For example,  you need more oxygen during physical exercise in response to this the nerves of the sympathetic nervous system act to increase the rate of Heartbeat to supply more oxygen . Once you are at rest and no longer required extra oxygen, the parasympathetic nervous system decrease the rate back to normal .

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