Short Note
1) Salinity of Indian ocean
2) Folding
3) V Shaped Velley
Answers
Short Notes:-
Answer:
2)Folding :—
When a body of rock, especially sedimentary rock, is squeezed from the sides by tectonic forces, it is likely to fracture and/or become faulted if it is cold and brittle, or become folded if it is warm enough to behave in a plastic manner.
Folds can be of any size, and it’s very common to have smaller folds within larger folds.
Large folds can have wavelengths of tens of kilometres, and very small ones might be visible only under a microscope.
Anticlines are not necessarily, or even typically, expressed as ridges in the terrain, nor synclines as valleys. Folded rocks get eroded just like all other rocks and the topography that results is typically controlled mostly by the resistance of different layers to erosion.
A very tight fold, in which the limbs are parallel or nearly parallel to one another is called an isoclinal fold. Isoclinal folds that have been overturned to the extent that their limbs are nearly horizontal are called recumbent folds.
A plane drawn through the crest of a fold in a series of beds is called the axial plane of the fold. The sloping beds on either side of an axial plane are limbs.
An anticline or syncline is described as symmetrical if the angles between each of limb and the axial plane are generally similar, and asymmetrical if they are not. If the axial plane is sufficiently tilted that the beds on one side have been tilted past vertical, the fold is known as an overturned anticline or syncline.
3) V Shaped Valley:-
A V-shaped valley is a narrow valley with steeply sloped sides that appear similar to the letter "V" from a cross-section. They are formed by strong streams, which over time have cut down into the rock through a process called downcutting. ... At this stage, streams flow rapidly down steep slopes.
These valleys form in mountainous and/or highland areas with streams in their "youthful" stage. At this stage, streams flow rapidly down steep slopes.
An example of a V-shaped valley is the Grand Canyon in the Southwestern United States.
After millions of years of erosion, the Colorado River cut through the rock of the Colorado Plateau and formed a steep-sided canyon V-shaped canyon known today as the Grand Canyon.
