Short note on Indian River System
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The major River systems in India
January 17, 2017
River system in India UPSC/Indian rivers and their tributaries UPSC
The rivers of India play a significant role in the lives of the Indian society. The river systems provide irrigation, drinking water, economical transportation, power, as well as grant livelihoods for a large number of population. This straightforwardly demonstrates that why all the major cities of India are positioned by the banks of the river.
Most of the rivers discharge their waters into the Bay of Bengal. Some of the rivers flow through the western part of the country and towards the east of the state of Himachal Pradesh merges into the Arabian Sea. The northern parts of the Aravalli range, some parts of Ladakh, and arid regions of the Thar Desert have inland drainage. All major rivers of India originate from one of the three main watersheds-
The Himalaya and the Karakoram rangeThe Chota Nagpur plateau and Vindhya and Satpura rangeThe Western Ghats
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The major river systems are
The Indus River SystemThe Brahmaputra River SystemThe Ganga River systemThe Yamuna river SystemThe Narmada River SystemThe Tapi River SystemThe Godavari River SystemThe Krishna river systemThe Cauvery River SystemThe Mahanadi River System
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The Indus River System
The Indus arises from the northern slopes of the Kailash range in Tibet near Lake Manasarovar. It has a large number of tributaries in both India and Pakistan and has a total length of about 2897 km from the source to the point near Karachi where it falls into the Arabian Sea. It enters Indian Territory in Jammu and Kashmir by forming a picturesque gorge. In the Kashmir region, it joins with many tributaries – the Zaskar, the Shyok, the Nubra and the Hunza. It flows between the Ladakh Range and the Zaskar Range. It crosses the Himalayas through a 5181 m deep gorge near Attock, which is lying north of the Nanga Parbat. The major tributaries of the Indus River in India are Jhelum, Ravi, Chenab, Beas, and Sutlej.
The Brahmaputra River System
The Brahmaputra originates from Mansarovar Lake, which is also a source of the Indus and Sutlej. It is a little longer than the Indus River. The most of its course lies outside India. It flows parallel to the Himalayas in the eastward direction. When it reaches Namcha Barwa, it takes a U-turn around it and enters India in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. Here it is known as Dihang River. In India, it flows through the states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam and is connected by several tributaries. The Brahmaputra has a braided channel throughout most of its length in Assam.
The river is known as the Tsangpo in Tibet. It receives less volume of water and has less silt in the Tibet region. But in India, the river passes through a region of heavy precipitation and as such, the river carries large amount water during rainfall and a significant amount of silt. It is known for creating the calamity in Assam and Bangladesh.
Ganga River System
The Ganga originates as Bhagirathi from the Gangotri glacier. Before it reaches Devaprayag, the Mandakini, the Pindar, the Dhauliganga and the Bishenganga rivers merge into the Alaknanda and the Bheling drain into the Bhagirathi. The Pindar River rises from East Trishul and Nanda Devi unite with the Alaknanda at Karan Prayag. The Mandakini meets at Rudra Prayag. The water from both Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda flows in the name of the Ganga at Devaprayag.
The concept of Panch Prayag
Vishnuprayag: where the river Alaknanda meet river Dhauli GangaNandprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river NandakiniKarnaprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river PinderRudraprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river MandakiniDevprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river Bhagirathi -GANGA
The principle tributaries of the Ganga are Yamuna, Damodar, Sapt Kosi, Ram Ganga, Gomati, Ghaghara, and Son. The river after traveling a distance of 2525 km from its source meets the Bay of Bengal.
Yamuna River System
The Yamuna River is the largest tributary of the Ganga River. It originates from the Yamunotri glacier, at the Banderpoonch peak in Uttarakhand. The main tributaries joining the river include the Sin, Hindon, Betwa Ken and Chambal. The Tons is the largest tributary of the Yamuna. The catchment of the river extends to the states of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan and Madhya
January 17, 2017
River system in India UPSC/Indian rivers and their tributaries UPSC
The rivers of India play a significant role in the lives of the Indian society. The river systems provide irrigation, drinking water, economical transportation, power, as well as grant livelihoods for a large number of population. This straightforwardly demonstrates that why all the major cities of India are positioned by the banks of the river.
Most of the rivers discharge their waters into the Bay of Bengal. Some of the rivers flow through the western part of the country and towards the east of the state of Himachal Pradesh merges into the Arabian Sea. The northern parts of the Aravalli range, some parts of Ladakh, and arid regions of the Thar Desert have inland drainage. All major rivers of India originate from one of the three main watersheds-
The Himalaya and the Karakoram rangeThe Chota Nagpur plateau and Vindhya and Satpura rangeThe Western Ghats
Know more | Geography Syllabus and Strategies for IAS Prelims Examination
The major river systems are
The Indus River SystemThe Brahmaputra River SystemThe Ganga River systemThe Yamuna river SystemThe Narmada River SystemThe Tapi River SystemThe Godavari River SystemThe Krishna river systemThe Cauvery River SystemThe Mahanadi River System
Know more about UPSC Syllabus and IAS Exam
The Indus River System
The Indus arises from the northern slopes of the Kailash range in Tibet near Lake Manasarovar. It has a large number of tributaries in both India and Pakistan and has a total length of about 2897 km from the source to the point near Karachi where it falls into the Arabian Sea. It enters Indian Territory in Jammu and Kashmir by forming a picturesque gorge. In the Kashmir region, it joins with many tributaries – the Zaskar, the Shyok, the Nubra and the Hunza. It flows between the Ladakh Range and the Zaskar Range. It crosses the Himalayas through a 5181 m deep gorge near Attock, which is lying north of the Nanga Parbat. The major tributaries of the Indus River in India are Jhelum, Ravi, Chenab, Beas, and Sutlej.
The Brahmaputra River System
The Brahmaputra originates from Mansarovar Lake, which is also a source of the Indus and Sutlej. It is a little longer than the Indus River. The most of its course lies outside India. It flows parallel to the Himalayas in the eastward direction. When it reaches Namcha Barwa, it takes a U-turn around it and enters India in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. Here it is known as Dihang River. In India, it flows through the states of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam and is connected by several tributaries. The Brahmaputra has a braided channel throughout most of its length in Assam.
The river is known as the Tsangpo in Tibet. It receives less volume of water and has less silt in the Tibet region. But in India, the river passes through a region of heavy precipitation and as such, the river carries large amount water during rainfall and a significant amount of silt. It is known for creating the calamity in Assam and Bangladesh.
Ganga River System
The Ganga originates as Bhagirathi from the Gangotri glacier. Before it reaches Devaprayag, the Mandakini, the Pindar, the Dhauliganga and the Bishenganga rivers merge into the Alaknanda and the Bheling drain into the Bhagirathi. The Pindar River rises from East Trishul and Nanda Devi unite with the Alaknanda at Karan Prayag. The Mandakini meets at Rudra Prayag. The water from both Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda flows in the name of the Ganga at Devaprayag.
The concept of Panch Prayag
Vishnuprayag: where the river Alaknanda meet river Dhauli GangaNandprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river NandakiniKarnaprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river PinderRudraprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river MandakiniDevprayag: where river Alaknanda meet river Bhagirathi -GANGA
The principle tributaries of the Ganga are Yamuna, Damodar, Sapt Kosi, Ram Ganga, Gomati, Ghaghara, and Son. The river after traveling a distance of 2525 km from its source meets the Bay of Bengal.
Yamuna River System
The Yamuna River is the largest tributary of the Ganga River. It originates from the Yamunotri glacier, at the Banderpoonch peak in Uttarakhand. The main tributaries joining the river include the Sin, Hindon, Betwa Ken and Chambal. The Tons is the largest tributary of the Yamuna. The catchment of the river extends to the states of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan and Madhya
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Geography covers a good number of questions making it an important topic to cover in SSC Exams. Around 5-8 questions asks from Geography which surely makes it important for you to study the topic well for upcoming SSC and Other Competitive Exams. Here is Study Notes on "Short Notes on All the Important Rivers" which you should not ignore
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